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GreenMatch","yoastHead":"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\n\n\t\n\n","template":"content-and-sidebar.php","contentTitle":"Wind Energy","content":"\n
\n\n\n

The Rise of Wind Energy

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\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n

What is Wind Energy?

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Wind energy is the energy resulting from wind force that is found on the Earth’s surface. Exploited, it can be transformed into mechanical energy for pumping water, for example, or milling wheat using running wind mills. By connecting a rotor to an electric generator, modern wind turbines convert wind energy that spins the rotor into electricity.

\n\n\n\n

Early Uses of Wind Energy

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Wind energy can be dated back to early civilizations, such as the Egyptians who used the energy generated by wind when they sailed the Nile upstream. Since then, wind energy has been used on more advanced sailing vessels, serving mainly commercial transportation, military and scientific purposes.

\n\n\n\n

Wind energy has been exploited overland when the first windmill was built in ancient Persia in the seventh century. Since then windmills are used for grinding wheat, pumping water, sawing wood or for providing other forms of mechanical energy. But large-scale exploitation barely appeared in the twentieth century, with the advent of modern “windmills” – wind turbines, which can generate a power between 250 kW and 300 kW.

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Wind Turbines

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Due to the fact that wind is a clean and an endless source of energy, wind turbines are installed in developed countries where wind intensity allows for this. Wind power can be exploited to supplement traditional sources of electricity, such as heat generated by burning coal.

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Improvements to the rotors and propellers, combined with an increase in the number of turbines installed, resulted in an increase in wind power by about 150% since 1990.

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Modern Uses of Wind Energy

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To find a power source to charge your cell phone can be a problem when you are on a trip to the mountains or simply forgot to take your charger with you. But the solution to this problem may be simpler than previously thought. Students from the Indian Institute of Technology have come up with a great idea to this problem by creating portable turbines, which are fueled by the wind, and can be attached to a mobile phone charging.

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Although the technology is not yet on the market, it paves the way for the future of wind energy and its many uses in everyday life. The device is meant for those who are in coastal areas where wind is always present. But it can be used everywhere, even during a trip, as long as there are air currents. This might be an ideal solution for those who do not have at hand a source of electricity, as it is the case in third world countries.

\n\n\n\n

Wind energy is a promising source of electric power in the future due to its clean energy and endless availability. However, because wind speeds vary throughout the day, season or years the wind generated power becomes an intermittent resource. In areas of the world with wind turbines, these produce energy at levels of around 60% during the year. Even so it may be insufficient even if wind turbines are operating at full capacity.

\n\n\n\n

Parts of a Wind Turbine

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A wind turbine consists of several elements which work together to make it functional. Although it might look like a turbine contains many components, you would be surprised to find out that it is only composed of a few.

\n\n\n\n
  • Blades – The blades are among the most important wind turbine components. Most often, the blades are made with the same technologies used in the aviation industry, composite materials, ensuring simultaneously mechanical strength, flexibility, elasticity and low weight. Sometimes metal or wood materials are used in the construction of the blades. The form and conception of the blades of a wind turbine is essential to ensure the necessary rotational force. This design is specific to each type of power plant.
  • Nacelle – The nacelle is intended to protect the wind turbine components which are mounted within it, namely the main shaft speed multiplier, brake, shaft high speed, electric generator, electric generator, cooling system and swivel system.
  • Pillar – Aims to support the wind turbine and allows access for the execution of maintenance or repair works. On the inside, the pillars are fitted with both the network distribution of electricity produced by the wind turbine and the access stairs to the platform.
  • The Base – The base is made of concrete reinforced with steel bars. The base has several designs, the first is a shallow flat disk and the other is a deep cylinder shape.
\n\n\n
\n
\"Wind
\n\n\n

How Does a Wind Turbine Function?

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The system is based on a simple principle. The wind moves the blades which in turn acts the generator. The mechanical system is comprised of a speed multiplier which directly acts the central axis of the electric generator. The electric current obtained is either submitted for storage in the batteries and then used with the aid of a DC-AC inverter in small capacity turbines, or shipped directly to the alternating current (AC) network and to distributors.

\n\n\n\n

Advantages and Disadvantages of Wind Turbines

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Depending on the type of wind turbine we have a number of advantages and disadvantages.

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Horizontal axis turbines (HAWT)  In which the propeller blades of turbines, generator and electric motor shaft are mounted on top.

\n\n\n\n

Advantages

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  • The propeller is near the center of gravity of the turbine, increasing stability.
  • The alignment of the propeller with the wind direction offers the best angle for the blade, maximizing the resulting electricity.
  • Propeller blades can be folded to prevent damage in case of strong winds.
  • Tall pillars allow access to stronger winds, resulting in an increase in current produced by the turbine.
\n\n\n\n

Disadvantages

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  • HAWT turbines’ efficiency decreases with their height because of wind turbulence.
  • Tall pillars and long blade propellers are difficult to transport, sometimes the cost of transport is 20% that of the equipment itself.
  • HAWT turbines are difficult to install and require cranes and skilled personnel.
  • Tall turbines near radars can obstruct the air traffic control.
  • Because of their height, horizontal axis turbines have a negative impact on the surrounding landscape.
\n\n\n\n

Vertical axis turbines (VAWT)

\n\n\n\n

Advantages

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  • They are easier to maintain because the moving parts are placed closer to the ground.
  • Propeller blades are vertical, so there is no need for a “rudder” propeller orientation.
  • By building vertical turbines, they have a high aerodynamic efficiency at high and low pressure.
  • The propeller blades of a vertical axis turbines have a section larger than those of a horizontal axis turbines.
  • VAWT turbines are more efficient in areas with turbulent wind because the propeller blades are placed closer to the ground.
  • Low height allows installation in areas where legislation does not allow high buildings.
  • No need for a tower on top to be installed, so they are less expensive and better withstand strong winds.
  • Can be built on larger mechanisms that rotate completely, no longer requiring special and expensive bearings.
\n\n\n\n

Disadvantages

\n\n\n\n
  • VAWT turbine efficiency stands at 50% of the average efficiency of HAWT
  • Most VAWT turbines need to be have an electric motor switched on in weak wind conditions.
  • Anchored VAWT turbines create mechanical stress on the cable clamping mechanism in the propeller shaft.
  • Most parts of VAWT turbines are placed at the bottom, so changing them involves dismantling the whole structure.
\n\n\n
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If you want to speed up the process, you can call us at 01858 390175
\n(Opening hours: Sunday- Friday 9:00-20:00, Saturday 09:00-17:00.)

\n
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可再生能源在英国——比较提供了从本地安装
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媒体与推荐
最后更新:2022年3月24日

风能的崛起

风能是什么?

风能是一种由贪婪导致的能源风力在地球表面。利用,它可以转化为机械能抽水,例如,或使用运行风力磨坊磨小麦。通过连接一个发电机的转子,现代风力发电机风能,转子旋转转换成电能。

风能的早期使用

风能可以追溯到早期文明,比如埃及人使用能源尼罗河上游航行时产生的风。此后,风能一直在使用更高级的帆船,主要商业运输服务、军事和科学用途。

风能已经利用陆路当第一个风车建于古代波斯在七世纪。从那时起风车用于研磨小麦,抽水,锯木头或提供其他形式的机械能。但大规模开发几乎出现在20世纪初,随着现代“风车”——风力涡轮机,它可以生成一个功率250千瓦和300千瓦之间。

风力涡轮机

由于风能是一种清洁和无穷无尽的能源,风力发电机安装在风力强度允许的发达国家。可以利用风能来补充传统的电力来源,如煤炭燃烧所产生的热量。

改善转子和螺旋桨,结合发电机安装的数量的增加,导致了自1990年以来,风力发电增加约150%。

现代的利用风能

找电源充电的手机可能是一个问题,当你去山上或者只是忘了带你的充电器。但此问题的解决方案可能比以前所认为的简单。来自印度理工学院的学生想出了一个好主意这个问题通过创建便携式发电机,是受风,可以连接到手机充电。

虽然这项技术还没有在市场上,它为风能的未来铺平了道路,许多在日常生活中使用。该设备是为那些在沿海地区风力总是存在。但它可以使用无处不在,即使在旅行,只要有气流。这可能是一个理想的解决方案对于那些手头没有电力的来源,因为它是在第三世界国家。

风能是一种很有前途的电力来源由于其未来清洁能源和无尽的可用性。然而,由于风速变化一整天,季节或年风力发电成为间歇性资源。与风力涡轮机在世界领域,这些产生能量在60%左右的水平。即便如此它可能不够即使风力发电机满负荷运行。

部分的风力涡轮机

一个风力涡轮机由几个元素组成,共同努力,使它的功能。尽管它可能看起来像一个涡轮机包含许多组件,你会惊讶地发现只有几个组成。

  • 叶片——叶片是最重要的风力涡轮机组件。多数情况下,叶片是由相同的技术用于航空工业、复合材料,同时保证机械强度、灵活性、弹性和低体重。有时金属或木质材料是用于建设的叶片。形式和概念的风力涡轮机的叶片是必要的,以确保必要的旋转力。这个设计是特定于每个类型的电厂。
  • 发动机舱,发动机舱旨在保护风力涡轮机组件安装,即主轴速度倍增,刹车,轴高速、发电机、发电机、冷却系统和旋转系统。
  • 支柱,旨在支持风力涡轮机和允许访问的执行维护或修理工作。在里面,柱子都装有风力发电机产生的电力的网络分布和访问楼梯平台。
  • 基地- - - - - -的基本是由混凝土和钢筋加固。底部有几个设计,首先是一个浅平圆盘,另一个是深圆筒形状。
风力涡轮机

一个风力涡轮机函数如何?

该系统是基于一个简单的原则。风移动发电机叶片反过来行为。乘数的机械系统由速度直接发电机的中心轴。获得的电流是提交存储在电池然后直粱的帮助下使用逆变器在小容量发电机,或直接运往交流电(AC)网络和分销商。

风力涡轮机的优点和缺点

根据风力发电机的类型我们有许多优点和缺点。

水平轴涡轮机(HAWT)- - - - - -螺旋桨叶片的涡轮机、发电机和电动机轴安装在顶部。

优势

  • 螺旋桨是重心附近的涡轮机,增加稳定性。
  • 螺旋桨的对齐与风向叶片提供了最好的角度,最大化产生的电力。
  • 螺旋桨叶片可以折叠,以防损坏强风。
  • 高大的柱子允许访问更强的风,导致涡轮机产生的电流的增加。

缺点

  • HAWT涡轮机的效率随自己的身高,因为风湍流。
  • 高大的柱子和长叶片螺旋桨很难运输,有时候运输的成本是20%,设备本身。
  • HAWT涡轮机安装困难和需要起重机和人才。
  • 高的涡轮在空中交通管制雷达能够阻碍附近。
  • 因为他们的高度,水平轴涡轮机产生负面影响周围的景观。

垂直轴风力发电机(VAWT)

优势

  • 他们更容易维护,因为移动部件放置接近地面。
  • 螺旋桨叶片是垂直的,所以没有必要为一个“舵”螺旋桨取向。
  • 通过建立垂直涡轮机,他们有一个高气动效率高和低的压力。
  • 垂直轴风力发电机的螺旋桨叶片有一段大比水平轴涡轮机。
  • VAWT涡轮机更有效在紊流风的地区,因为螺旋桨叶片放置接近地面。
  • 允许安装高度低的地区立法不允许高建筑物。
  • 不需要安装的塔上,所以他们更便宜和更好的抵御强风。
  • 可以建立在更大的机制完全旋转,不再需要特殊和昂贵的轴承。

缺点

  • VAWT涡轮效率达到50%的平均HAWT效率
  • 大多数VAWT涡轮机需要有一个电动马达在弱风条件下开启。
  • 锚定VAWT涡轮机产生机械应力在螺旋桨轴电缆夹紧机制。
  • VAWT涡轮机的大部分地区被放置在底部,所以改变它们涉及拆除整个结构。
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